Abstract
1. Background: With the rapid urbanization process, a large number of migrants have flooded into cities and have become an important part of China's urban population. The number of migrants in China reached 245 million in 2017, which is nearly 40 times higher than the initial period of reform and opening up. The health inequality between the migrants and the resident population(hukou) has been receiving much attention. The working intensity of the migrants is bigger, causing more health loss, also most of the migrants lives in areas with poor built environment, which is difficult to achieve a fair and equitable allocation of health resources. 2. Methods: This study takes 4149 migrants in China as a sample to analyze the impacts and mechanisms of community built environment on migrants health. This paper puts forward some suggestions on the planning intervention for the built environment of the migrants, which provides the decision-making basis for healthy equity of urban planning. Based on individual and community data from the 2011-2016 China Labor Force Dynamics Survey, the study identified 79 migrant population-based communities in 24 large and medium-sized cities in China, including 4,149 migrant samples. By analyzing the changes of physical and mental health after the migration of migrants, it reveals the health inequities. Based on information obtained from urban statistical yearbooks and interpretation of Landsat TM satellite data, the built environment is divided into three levels: urban level (built-up area, green space, land use patterns…) and community level(land use abundance, accessibility and quantity of physical activity facilities, accessibility and quantity of social interaction facilities…) household level(residential area, housing quality…). Through the multi-level time series regression model, the impact of the built environment on the changes of health level after the migration of migrants and its mechanism of action were discussed. The regression coefficient was used to predict the effect of planning intervention on reducing health inequality. 3. Results: This study will help to establish an interdisciplinary theoretical research framework for urban and rural planning and public health, and sort out the factors affecting the physical and mental health of migrants, including socio-economic environment, land use patterns, various health services, cultural and leisure facilities, and the layout of open spaces. Defining the decisive built-up environmental factors that improve the health of the migrants, in order to determine the theoretical basis for the optimization of the built environment planning and design. Finally, from the perspective of health equity, we proposed a planned intervention path and related policy recommendations for land use, transportation, greening space, entertainment facilities, stadiums, medical and health facilities, and rented housing space in areas with high population density. It has a strong practical and reference significance for the improvement of urbanization quality and the shaping of health equity during the transition period in China. Reference: (1) Barton H, Tsourou C. Healthy urban planning[M]. Routledge, 2013. (2) Corburn J. Healthy city planning: from neighbourhood to national health equity[M]. Routledge, 2013. (3) Rechel, B, ed. Migration and health in the European Union[M]. McGraw-Hill Education (UK), 2011.
