Abstract
China's rapid urbanization has led to increasingly serious environmental health problems and posed severe challenges to the sustainable development of cities and the construction of healthy cities. Under the background of over 50% urbanization rate in China, the whole process has entered the second half of a gradual slowdown in the growth rate. The pursuit of urban development has shifted from high-speed growth and large-scale land expansion to the improvement of urban environmental quality and the healthy life of residents. In this paper, the "15-minute Living Life Circle" at different locations in Changsha City is selected as the research object. The evaluation model of "Spatial Environment-Behavior-Health" for different groups of people is constructed from the dimensions of environmental impact, residents' behavior and health risk. Based on the exposure perspective and environmental comfort, this paper proposes an analysis framework for factors such as wind and heat environment, vehicle exhaust gas exposure, street environmental quality and coverage of urban public goods. In order to analyze the influence mechanism and relationship between spatial planning and environmental quality and human health, the article identifies and compares regional health risks and spatial health performance, and discusses the environmental health differences and health equity issues of built environment in different life circles. Finally, based on the actual situation of local health risk exposure level, environmental friendliness and aging level, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and measures for spatial planning aiming at environmental improvement, health promotion and health equity.
