A comparative study of the application of the Storm Water Management Model in the construction of urban green space under the perspectives of sponge cities —— Case Study of Lakeside Greenway Park, Qi` an, China

In recent years, the acceleration of urbanization leads to the serious hardening of the underlying surface in cities that are located in China and the waterlogging caused by the hardening damages the development of those cities. According to the Chinese Ministry of civil affairs < 2016 National Natural Disaster Situation>, the statistics show that: Chinese 31 provinces, nearly 90% county-level administrative regions have been influenced by different degrees of natural disasters, among which the flood disaster loss is higher compared with that of 2015 . City flood safety has become a problem that must be solved in the process of the developing the Chinese cities. Under this social background, Chinese Ministry of construction issued has clearly indicated ‘speed up researching policy measures on the construction of sponge type city’ in 2014. On November of the same year, released a trial version, sponge city concept was born. But the construction of Chinese sponge city started late. Compared with mature urban sponge system in foreign countries, there are many shortcomings and limitations, such as underestimating the carrying pressure of stormwater in the greenfield. At the beginning of twentieth Century, the United States proposed the model of Best Management Practices, at the end of twentieth Century, the United States proposed the model of Low Impact Development, Australia proposed the model of Water Sensitive Urban Design, the British proposed Sustainable Urban Drainage. At the beginning of twentieth Century, Active, Beautiful, Clean Waters Programme which were proposed by Singapore have gone through long-term practice and achieved good results. In this process, in order to make more accurate, quantitative analysis of city rainfall flood index, researchers in the United States, Denmark, and Britain researched and developed a series of city stormwater management model. They put forward the idea of using the computer model to simulate the calculus and proposed analysis of auxiliary parameters according to it. The models for stormwater management are respectively designed and optimized for different scales, different environments and different requirements, its scope and functions are also different. This article is based on the perspective of the design and construction of green space in spongy city. Compare and analyze modules and functions of a variety of stormwater management model developed abroad (SWAT, SUSTAIN, SWMM etc.). And through the application simulation of the landscape design project in Hebei Province, Qian’ an East Road greening example, try to expound the designing process of the green space in the sponge city, site selection at the initial stage of the project, performance evaluation in the midterm and benefit estimate in the later period. And also try to summarize the application of each model in the design and construction of the city green space in Chinese sponge city, seek the possibility of localization and extension of the models.