Community Livelihood and Empowerment in Urban Village (Kampung Kota): Case Study Neighborhood Upgrading and Shelter Project KOTAKU and Community Economic Empowerment by Terminal Hujan in Kampung Kebon Jukut Kota Bogor

Among residents in urban areas, there are people who live with limitations in densely populated neighborhoods. These individuals depend on shared resources, for example households business are utilizing home and environmental facilities. In their lives communities manage social and institutional relations in urban level. The relation between living conditions, choices, and efforts made, can be shown with livelihood perspective. Provision of public services cannot be carried out by local communities, therefore it is necessary to have external linkages as of empowerment to be important. Efforts have been carried out by the government, individuals and urban groups for a long time, but there are limitations to programs that do not create independence. Regardless the conditions with economic, domestic, and environmental needs, individuals or groups have the same right to achieve their goals. Economic choice of the family can have an impact on the double burden. Involvement of parties outside the local community and the government raises choices and independence. Empowerment is supposed to provide freedom and justice, people can have power and benefit from the process. The closeness of empowerment with local interests can bring out collective action, thus is related to the choice of the community in their lives, which is the focus of the livelihood. Through livelihood perspective, researchers trace community views on livelihoods and linkages with outside parties in government and community empowerment. Likewise, the views on the choices that exist, the actions taken, and whether or not the collective action appears. The effect of action on relations between actors confirms the view of the empowerment process. The research was conducted with sustainable livelihood framework (SLA) and a case study area of the Kampung Kebon Jukut, Bogor in Neighborhood Upgrading and Shelter Program KOTAKU and economic empowerment activities with Terminal Hujan. Based on the search, community has the choice of involvement in institutional and execution of infrastructure development, as well as production business activities especially for housewives. Facilities is also useful in environmental activities and involvement of youth in programs. Actions taken by community to achieve the objectives and interests of the communities led to a collective action. However, based on comparisons between cases, community views the choices as temporary economic opportunities. Empowerment by government and in community within these cases do not provide independence and even exclude recipients. Case study analysis reveals meaning based on views and emphasis of researchers. Through observation of activities and artifacts, it is known there is a translation of the actions of community members. Shifting of the goal forms new relations so that people return to their livelihoods to achieve their own goals. While understanding the cases pattern shows practice of using power in empowerment. By following the access of the two activities, the influence of collective action on the empowerment process is obtained. Neighborhood institutions play roles in community involvement and acceptance of programs, supported by youth in religious organizations. This comes from the experience of education activities and view that there is no direct benefit of empowerment for youth.